Wednesday, April 24, 2019

First image of a supernova explosion

An amateur Argentine astronomer obtained a casual image that has no antecedents in the history of astronomy.
Recently, in Argentina, Víctor Buso, an amateur astronomer, took his new camera abroad and mounted it on a 16-inch telescope focusing on a spiral galaxy that is about 80 million light-years from Earth.
What Buso did not expect was that he would win the cosmic lottery, which would allow him to confirm a long-established theory about supernova explosions in the universe.
At the time he obtained the images of NGC 613 during a lapse of one hour, he unwittingly found that in one of the images a star that was not in the first image appeared well defined in the following images. It was the explosion of a supernova.
It was the first time that visible images of the first moments of the explosion of a supernova were obtained, the explosive (and visibly brilliant) death of a supermassive star.
In the first photo, the space below the spiral galaxy is apparently empty. In the next, there is a flash of light from a star that previously did not seem to exist.

The photos of the supernovas have never been registered before, and with good reason. According to astronomers at the Astrophysics Institute of La Plata in Argentina, the chances of randomly capturing the almost instantaneous explosion of a supernova star is one in at least 10 million.
Buso quickly shared his photographic results with various astronomical observatories, and, the following morning, telescopes around the world were able to observe the graphic testimony of the event.
"Professional astronomers were very surprised by such an event," said Alex Filippenko, an astronomer at the University of California, Berkeley.
"Observations of the stars in the first moments that begin to explode provide information that can not be obtained directly in any other way." Filippenko worked on the topic follow-up in a summary published on Wednesday (February 21) in the journal Nature.
In the obtained animation created from a superposition of the images, the supernova is visible to the south of the galaxy, NGC 613.
Supernovas occur when the largest stars (eight to fifteen times more massive than our sun) reach a phase of their life that causes the star's core to collapse.
At present, supernovas are observed with certain frequency but it is very difficult to detect the moment of the explosion.
The scientists determined that the supernova whose image Buso obtained was Type IIb,
Once the core of the star collapses, the powerful wave generated gives rise to a violent storm of visible energy through the electromagnetic spectrum. The explosive event can take months, and even years.

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