Latin America breaks away from the tutelage of the US, which has increasing difficulties in managing itself
The presence of the United States, the former great dominating power in Latin America, is constantly shrinking and disappearing
After World
War II, the US became the main power, both from a military, economic and
political point of view.
In July
1944, when the Second World War was practically defined, a Monetary and
Financial Conference was held with the assistance of 730 delegates from the 44
allied nations in the conflict at the Mount Washington Hotel, located in
Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, United States, seeking regulate the international
monetary and financial order after the conclusion of the War.
These were
the bases for the creation of the World Bank and the International Monetary
Fund.
The
following year, once the war was over, the United Nations Organization was
founded, initially made up of 51 founding member states, now there are 193.
Both the
World Bank and the International Monetary Fund as well as the UN itself
established their headquarters in the United States where they still are.
The World
Bank is currently headquartered at 1818 H Street NW. Washington, DC, US and is
made up of 189 countries.
For its
part, the IMF has its headquarters at 720 19th Street, NW, in Washington, DC
and has 190 member states.
Similarly,
the UN, founded on October 24, 1945 in San Francisco, California, established
its headquarters at 760 United Nations Plaza, Manhattan, New York City.
Originally there were 51 Member States in 1945 today there are 193
The World
Bank Group or World Bank Group, which was created in 1944 as part of the
Bretton Woods Agreements, also has its headquarters in the city of Washington
at 1818 H Street NW in the US capital. It is made up of 189 countries.
For their
part, at the regional level and shortly after the end of the War, in 1948, the
countries of the American continent also agreed to establish an international
organization. This was finalized at a meeting in Bogotá, where the Organization
of American States was created. As it could not be otherwise, they also
established the headquarters in Washington.
on 17th
Street corner Constitution Ave of that city.
It is
currently made up of 35 member states.
In addition
to the OAS, on April 8, 1959, the Inter-American Development Bank was created
and, of course, its headquarters were located at 1300 New York Avenue, N.W.,
Washington, D.C. The IDB currently has 48 members.
All these
institutions that in a certain way shaped and shape a leadership spectrum at
the highest economic and political level of a global and continental character.
They are all located in the US and of course that way the US is in the best
position to control them.
And we must
insist that it is in these institutions that strategies, incentives and limits
are defined for everyone, and
much more
particularly for the entire American continent.
Due to this
historical and circumstantial context, the control that the US exercised and to
a certain extent still exercises over all the states of Latin America was
almost total, leaving no room for the governments of the area to make their own
decisions.
100 years
before they had taken over half of Mexico, from 1898 they occupied Cuba for
more than two decades, Haiti was also occupied from 1915 to 1934, the
occupation in the Dominican Republic lasted 8 years, from 1916 to 1924 and
Puerto Rico that was occupied in 1898 and whose occupation still continues 125
years later,
In 1903 the
US promoted the separation of Panama from Colombia in order to build the
interoceanic canal including a territorial strip on both sides of it.
In that
period, they defined and even directly designated most of the governments of
Mesoamerica, bloodily opposing the revolutionary attempts that occurred. In
that period including the Mexican revolution of the decade of 1910-20, and the
Sandinista revolution in Nicaragua from 1927 to 1933.
With the
creation of the OAS, US policies in relation to Latin America did not change,
OAS officials acted as if they occupied a lower level secretariat in the US
government itself.
In 1954 the
US had overthrown the progressive Jacobo Arbenz government in Guatemala and a
few years later, in 1961, they tried to carry out a coup in Cuba where a
revolutionary government led by Fidel Castro had been established since 1959,
failing completely.
The
attempts continued in the following years, they invaded the Dominican Republic
in 1965 against another government that was not to their liking, they started a
war to overthrow a revolutionary government in Nicaragua in 1979 to 1990 which
they only partially succeeded in, they also invaded the small island Grenada in
1983 to displace a government that made them uncomfortable, and in 1989 they
invaded Panama kidnapping its president. The president of Panama named Manuel
Noriega was taken to the US to stand trial and was sentenced to 40 years in
prison, which was later reduced to 20. He was finally extradited to France and
Panama, continuing in prison until his death in 2017. ,
Everything
seemed to indicate that this almost total US domination over Latin America
would continue indefinitely. But things have been gradually changing.
Incredibly,
the government of the Cuban revolution has been resisting sanctions and
sabotage for 63 years, in 1998 there was a change of government after which
Hugo Chavez took office, who was a president clearly opposed to the interests
of the United States in Venezuela and his successor Nicolás Maduro also it
resists despite sabotage and sanctions and at the same time Nicaragua was
returning to its revolutionary Sandinista roots.
To continue
weakening US control in recent years, the left recently won several elections,
first in Mexico with López Obrador, also in Bolivia, with Evo Morales and Luis
Arce, then in Argentina with Alberto Fernández, and more recently in Chile with
Gabriel Boris, in Peru with Pedro Castillo and in Honduras with Xiomara Castro.
At this
time, it is thought that Brazil and Colombia are about to change their
governments, electing leaders with clear progressive orientations who could
continue to expand this trend.
Political
evolution does not seem to stop, rather it accelerates. No Latin American
country followed the US and Europe in sanctions against Russia, and now,
recently, most Latin American states did not attend or were reluctant at the
continental Summit organized by the US in Los Angeles.
It seems
that the influence of the United States in the Latin American subcontinent is
weakening, and that there is no longer that all-powerful economic and political
influence that was the rule in the past.
I don't
know if this situation reflects the empowerment of Latin American countries or
the accelerated weakening of North American power. Maybe both.
We do not
know what will happen in the next few years, but we will probably witness a
continuation of these processes and perhaps, hopefully, we will witness a
radical and historical insubordination of the South Americans who may finally
be able to become masters of their own destinations.
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