Showing posts with label Titan. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Titan. Show all posts

Monday, April 24, 2017

NASA photographs proved methane lakes exist on Saturn’s moon, Titan, showing that hydrocarbons (or so-called ‘fossil fuels’) are seemingly plentiful in our solar system


From Principia Scientific, 12/11/14

This startling discovery turns on its head the long-held western belief that petroleum is a limited resource, because it is primarily derived (we had been told) from the fossilized remains of dead dinosaurs and rotted carbon-based vegetation.
But with that notion now exploded in the article "NASA finds lakes of hydrocarbons on Saturn's moon, Titan". Thanks to NASA’s Cassini spacecraft, energy scientists are now compelled to admit that petroleum oil is, in fact, substantially mineral in origin and occuring all through the galaxies.
Two Years ago it was reported that the Max Planck Institute, Germany have discovered that the Horse Head Nebula galaxy in the Orion constellation contains a vast field of hydrocarbons. 
As such, long-held fears about Earth’s shrinking ‘fossil fuel’ reserves may be bogus. These important new cosmological discoveries come coincidentally at a time when huge succeses in American oil drilling technology (‘fracking‘) are bringing a glut of oil onto the energy markets, causing a slide in global oil prices. Fresh oil reserves are being struck all over – some miles beneath the oceans, where Dino the dinosaur never roamed.
As we reported (November 8, 2014) NASA’s new evidence supports previously controversial Russian claims that ‘fossil’ fuel theory is junk science.  No wonder skepticism of the wide-ranging Green Agenda grows and serious doubts are rising as to whether humans need to divest themselves of the supposedly fast-diminishing energy source after all.
Bodies of credible, independent western scientists, collaborating and collating their findings via the internet through fledgling organisations such as Principia Scientific International are calling for a re-assessment of over 2,000 eastern European peer-reviewed science papers on the issue, previously ignored by western governments, state-funded universities and the mainstream media.
For decades Russian scientists have known that the fossil fuel theory is bogus and have compellingly demonstrated that petroleum is derived from highly compressed mineral deposits deep beneath the surface. But the most startling consequence to these findings is that oil is a constant renewable regenerating in nature.
Since the Middle East oil crisis of the 1970’s gasoline suppliers have stoked media fears that our planet’s reserves are fast in decline. The term ‘peak oil’ was coined and we were told ‘fossil fuels’ would have to become increasingly more expensive as our insatiable appetite drank this ‘finite’ liquid energy source dry. Are we talking conspiracy theory or well-intentioned, but misguided group think that limits to our industrial expansion were essential if we were to tackle ‘peak oil’ and fears over man-made global warming (which has been stalled for a generation).
Let’s be in no doubt, the emergence of group think about our ‘carbon footprint’ (dare we call it, propaganda) suited the long-term interests of the oil industry and western governments. ‘Big Oil’ has benefited from being told by academics that their resource was precious and limited (putting upward pressure on prices). Tax-raising governments are being increasingly taken to task for encouraging (through generous research grants) sympathetic academics to get on board to build a consensus on these inter-related but evidentially weak scientific theories.
From:  http://principia-scientific.org/russians-nasa-discredit-fossil-fuel-theory-demise-of-junk-co2-science/


Sunday, January 31, 2016

Titan's Mysterious Methane Comes From Inside, Not The Surface

Note: Probably the processes that produce methane in the interior of the Earth are similar to those taking place in Titan (D.A)
image
The methane giving an orange hue to Saturn's giant moon Titan likely comes from geologic processes in its interior according to measurements from the Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer (GCMS), a Goddard Space Flight Center instrument aboard the European Space Agency's Huygens Probe. The GCMS, which descended with five other instruments on the probe through the moon's thick atmosphere on Jan. 14, 2005, also found evidence of liquid methane in the surface material.
Methane, a molecule consisting of four hydrogen atoms bound to a carbon atom, is the primary component of natural gas on Earth. It can be produced by life, by degradation of organic debris or by geologic processes like volcanoes.�
The origin of methane in Titan's atmosphere is a mystery because it gets broken down by sunlight and particle radiation from space in the upper atmosphere. If surface lakes and pools were the only source, all of Titan's methane would be lost by this mechanism in less than a hundred million years, a short time for a moon that's been around since the formation of the solar system 4.5 billion years ago.� Components of the methane molecules react with each other and atmospheric nitrogen. As they descend, they form larger and heavier molecules that comprise the orange haze that blankets the moon. Because Titan is very cold (292 degrees below zero F, or minus 180 degrees Celsius) these heavy compounds condense and rain out on the surface.
"We have determined that Titan's methane is not of biological origin, so it must be replenished by geologic processes on Titan, perhaps venting from a supply in the interior that could have been trapped there as the moon formed," said Dr. Hasso Niemann of Goddard, principal investigator for the GCMS and lead author of a paper on this research to appear in Nature on Dec. 8. An advance online publication will be available on Nov. 30 at
Titan is believed to be too cold for life.� Nevertheless, Niemann's team of scientists used Goddard's GCMS instrument to rule out a biological source for Titan's methane. The GCMS instrument identifies different atmospheric constituents by their mass. Molecules and atoms are given an electric charge (ionized) and are separated by their mass as they traverse an electric field in a quadruple mass spectrometer.
The carbon in methane molecules comes in different varieties, or isotopes � carbon-12 (12C) and carbon-13 (13C). Each 13C atom has an extra neutron in its nucleus, making them slightly heavier than 12C atoms, so the GCMS can distinguish between methane with 12C and methane with 13C.
Living organisms have a preference for carbon-12. As a result, carbon-containing molecules, such as methane, that are associated with life on Earth get enriched in 12C. The ratio of 12C to 13C is a marker or signature of life.� However, the team did not see 12C enrichment in the methane on Titan.
Also, when the heated inlet of the GCMS came in contact with the surface, it vaporized some of the surface material. After impact, the GCMS detected a 40 percent increase in the number of methane molecules measured, and this level remained for about 50 minutes after impact. This long-lived burst is best explained by the presence of liquid methane mixed with the surface material, according to the team.
Other Huygens observations, such as pictures from the Descent Imager and Spectral Radiometer instrument, show features that look remarkably like dry riverbeds. Scientists have theorized that at Titan's cold temperatures, liquid methane plays the role of water on Earth, while deeply frozen water substitutes for rock. On Titan, liquid methane could cut channels in water ice the same way water carves canyons through rock. The presence of liquid methane on Titan's surface supports this scenario.
The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA, ESA and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Cassini-Huygens mission for NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C.
Press Release From: Goddard Space Flight Center
Posted: Wednesday, November 30, 2005

Wednesday, January 6, 2016

The Fossil fuel theory a fraud

 Russians and NASA discredit "Fossil fuel" theory; demise of junk CO2 science

Last week new NASA photographs proved methane lakes exist on Saturn’s moon, Titan, showing that such hydrocarbons (or so-called ‘fossil fuels’) are seemingly plentiful in our solar system.  This startling discovery turns on its head the long-held western belief that petroleum is a limited resource, because it is primarily derived (we had been told) from the fossilized remains of dead dinosaurs and rotted carbon-based vegetation. But with that notion now exploded in the article  

Thanks to NASA’s Cassini spacecraft, energy scientists are now compelled to admit that petroleum oil is, in fact, substantially mineral in origin and occuring all through the galaxies. Two Years ago it was reported that the Max Planck Institute, Germany have discovered that the Horse Head Nebula galaxy in the Orion constellation contains a vast field of hydrocarbons. As such, long-held fears about Earth’s shrinking ‘fossil fuel’ reserves may be bogus.   These important new cosmological discoveries come coincidentally at a time when huge succeses in American oil drilling technology (‘frakking‘) are bringing a glut of oil onto the energy markets, causing a slide in global oil prices. Fresh oil reserves are being struck all over – some miles beneath the oceans, where Dino the dinosaur never roamed. (see image of Methane sea in Saturnian moon Titan).

Monday, December 28, 2015

Titan hydrocarbons ARE NOT fossil fuels 

In Titan, satellite of Saturn there are much more hydrocarbons than in Earth 
(and temperature is approximately 180 degrees below zero)

Recent update from NASA: "Saturn's orange moon Titan has hundreds of times more liquid hydrocarbons than all the known oil and natural gas reserves on Earth"



The knowledge gained from recent space exploration, with images and interplanetary probes and the data obtained through the Hubble Space Telescope and new ground-based telescopes, allow us to look at our planet with a different perspective
The new information has provided elements to revise the present approach. However these data has not yet reached to the entire scientific community, due to the inertia that permeates the academic-scientific apparatus, with its heavy burden of individual and corporate interests, positions of power and limelight opportunities.
However, in many these contributions have begun to deeply remove the traditional view of geological processes in general and specifically the generation of hydrocarbon..
Information gathered to date shows the relationship of the various bodies of the solar system and the similarity of the processes that gave rise to them. These data tendsto confirm the theory of accretion forming through the agglomeration of planets, planetoids and comets. It has also been found that the warming of these bodies occurred after their initial constitution as a result of the effect of gravitational contraction and the radioactivity of certain elements.
It has also been found that there is abundance of carbon, usually in the form of hydrocarbons or carbon oxides.
The available data shows that the internal structure of planets was originally heterogeneous, and that while it may have produced homogenization processes, many components of the original heterogeneity should still be present in the interior of the planetary bodies.
One of the main processes of internal dynamism after accretion has been
This involves the gradual rise of light and fluid elements or compounds.
The main molecules that are part of the gaseous envelopes of planets are nitrogen, methane, carbon dioxide and water.
Nitrogen is relatively abundant at the astronomical level and therefore the interior exudes outwardly forming nitrogen atmosphers when the mass and gravity are sufficient to retain them. 
The knowledge gained from recent space exploration, with images and interplanetary probes and the data obtained through the Hubble Space Telescope and new ground-based telescopes, allow us to look at our planet with a different perspective
The new information has provided elements to revise the present approach. However these data has not yet reached to the entire scientific community, due to the inertia that permeates the academic-scientific apparatus, with its heavy burden of individual and corporate interests, positions of power and limelight opportunities..
However, in many these contributions have begun to deeply remove the traditional view of geological processes in general and specifically the generation of hydrocarbon..
Information gathered to date shows the relationship of the various bodies of the solar system and the similarity of the processes that gave rise to them. These data tendsto confirm the theory of accretion forming through the agglomeration of planets, planetoids and comets. It has also been found that the warming of these bodies occurred after their initial constitution as a result of the effect of gravitational contraction and the radioactivity of certain elements.
It has also been found that there is abundance of carbon, usually in the form of hydrocarbons or carbon oxides.
The available data shows that the internal structure of planets was originally heterogeneous, and that while it may have produced homogenization processes, many components of the original heterogeneity should still be present in the interior of the planetary bodies.
One of the main processes of internal dynamism after accretion has been
This involves the gradual rise of light and fluid elements or compounds.
The main molecules that are part of the gaseous envelopes of planets are nitrogen, methane, carbon dioxide and water.
Nitrogen is relatively abundant at the astronomical level and therefore the interior exudes outwardly forming nitrogen atmospheres when the mass and gravity are sufficient to retain them.  (From "Unexhaustable? Oil and Natural Gas", D.Anton, Piriguazu Ediciones).
Quote from NASA:
"Saturn's orange moon Titan has hundreds of times more liquid hydrocarbons than all the known oil and natural gas reserves on Earth, according to new data from NASA's Cassini spacecraft. The hydrocarbons rain from the sky, collecting in vast deposits that form lakes and dunes.
The new findings from the study led by Ralph Lorenz, Cassini radar team member from the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Md., are reported in the Jan. 29 issue of the Geophysical Research Letters.
"Titan is just covered in carbon-bearing material -- it's a giant factory of organic chemicals," said Lorenz. "This vast carbon inventory is an important window into the geology and climate history of Titan."
At a balmy minus 179 degrees Celsius (minus 290 degrees Fahrenheit), Titan is a far cry from Earth. Instead of water, liquid hydrocarbons in the form of methane and ethane are present on the moon's surface, and tholins probably make up its dunes. The term "tholins"was coined by Carl Sagan in 1979 to describe the complex organic molecules at the heart of prebiotic chemistry." (From NASA) 

http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/cassini/media/cassini-20080213.html