Wednesday, July 19, 2017

Apache struggle against two armies
D.Anton


Geronimo (Goyahkla) leadership
Goyahkla's life transcurred through the struggles, defeats and tragedies of the Apache nation. 
When he was 19 years old Mexican troops killed his mother, wife and three children. 
The Apache leader would comment later: "My life had lost all purpose."
Under the leadership of Cochise first and Victorio and Nana later, the Apaches had resisted the American and Mexican invasions. The aggression of the foreign armies continued and despite the fervent struggle they were gradually expelled from their territories to more arid and less productive areas.
When Victorio and Nana were defeated and killed, the leadership was assumed by Goyahkla (Geronimo) and Juh. 
At that time, and to avoid greater sacrifices to their people, they entered into negotiations with the US government.
The representatives of the American government offered an extension of land in exchange for them to lay down their arms. The place, called San Carlos, was arid and totally inadequate.
Daklugie, son of Juh described it in an illustrative way.
"The Creator did not make San Carlos. It's a place older than Him- He just left it as a sample of how things were done before He appeared. Take stones and ashes and thorns, and throw some scorpions and rattlesnakes, put all that on red-hot stones, add the United States army chasing you and thus you have San Carlos. "
The Apaches refused the offer and continued fighting. They retreated to the mountains to continue the resistance.
Six years after the fall of Victorio, in 1886, Juh was killed and Geronimo remained the only chief. He was accompanied by a handful of men, women, and children in the rugged mountains. At that time of his life Geronimo was 56 years old.
The last Apache bastion faced two powerful armies on both sides of the border. There were only seventeen warriors with their families. They were surrounded by five thousand soldiers and thousands of civilian militants on the United States side and three thousand Mexican soldiers in the Mexican sector.
In spite of the uneven situation the Apaches continued the fight. Daklugie commented it this way:
 "At that time Geronimo also had Lozen, known as the Woman Warrior, Geronimo was weakened, also by the presence of women and children who were to be defended and fed. No one ever captured Geronimo. I know it. I was with him. Anyway, who can catch the wind? "
After some time the American army kidnapped and moved the women and children leaving the men alone in the struggle.
A few months later, exhausted and discouraged by the absence of their families, Geronimo and the accompanying Apache warriors surrendered to General Nelson Miles of the US Army with the promise that the Apache chief would be released within two years and be allowed to live in peace in his reserve.
Again the promises were broken. Geronimo was held in prison for twenty-three years. He died in 1909 still captive. The rest of the Apaches, a few hundred were sent to Oklahoma and New Mexico.
From: "Chronicles of Human Peripecie", Danilo Anton, Piriguazu Ediciones.

No comments:

Post a Comment